Safety-critical context poses challenges: The most significant risks associated with technologies in this sector centre around their safety, particularly in hybrid environments involving both human and machine-driven behaviour. Technology may not result in improved environmental outcomes unless it is accompanied by behaviour change - for example, passengers switching to more energy efficient forms of transport such as mass transit. Improvements in mobility can result in rebound effects that lead to increased demand for mobility services - potentially cancelling out the environmental benefits such technologies can offer. Similarly, realising some of the efficiencies of autonomous vehicles, such as optimised driving approaches, may depend on a sufficient proportion of all road vehicles being autonomous.īenefits will need behaviour change as well as tech progress: While data-driven technology has the potential to significantly reduce energy usage, this relationship is not clear cut. For example, the use of automated traffic management systems would require sizeable changes to existing technology and operating procedures.
The biggest opportunities are at system-level: Many of the most significant benefits of data-driven technology will only be felt in this sector when implemented on a system wide basis, requiring significant investment and time. However, the scale of these systems and the capital already invested in them means that technological improvements are typically slow and incremental. Capital-heavy nature of sector affects scale of opportunity and challenge: The applications of data-driven technology across this sector are some of the broadest and most advanced across all sectors, and their scale means that marginal improvements can result in considerable gains in safety, energy efficiency, and in economic terms.
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